Physical Therapy Guides
Physical Therapy: Your Guide to Recovery, Costs, Coverage and Care
Tips Physical Therapy explains what physical therapy is, what it costs, whether insurance covers it, and how to find the right care.
What is physical therapy?
Physical therapy is a healthcare treatment that helps people move better, reduce pain, and recover from injury, surgery, or long-term conditions. A licensed physical therapist examines how your body moves, finds the cause of the problem, and builds a personal plan that combines targeted exercises, hands-on techniques, stretching, and advice for daily life.
People most often use physical therapy for:
- Back, neck, and shoulder pain
- Knee, hip, and ankle injuries
- Sports injuries and overuse problems
- Recovery after joint replacement or other surgery
- Balance problems and fall prevention
- Arthritis and other long-term conditions
Does physical therapy work?
For many conditions, yes. Research supports physical therapy for low back pain, knee osteoarthritis, and recovery after many surgeries, and it is often suggested before more invasive options. Results depend on your condition, your therapist, and how consistently you do your exercises. If you are not improving, tell your therapist so the plan can change.
How long does physical therapy take?
Minor strains may improve in a few weeks, while surgery recovery or chronic problems can take several months. Most people attend one to three sessions a week, and a session usually lasts 45 to 60 minutes. Your therapist will set goals at the first visit and review progress along the way.
How much does physical therapy cost?
Cost depends on where you live, the clinic, and your insurance. With insurance, many people pay a copay per visit, often between $20 and $75, though plans differ. Without insurance, a session commonly costs more, and prices vary widely, so ask each clinic for its self-pay rate. See our full guide to physical therapy cost and insurance.
Is physical therapy covered by insurance?
Most plans cover medically necessary physical therapy, but many limit the number of visits, require pre-approval, or apply a deductible first. Call the number on your insurance card and ask about your copay, yearly visit limit, and whether the clinic is in network.
Does Medicare cover physical therapy?
Yes. Medicare Part B generally covers medically necessary outpatient physical therapy when your provider certifies a plan of care. After the Part B deductible you typically pay 20 percent of the approved amount unless you have supplemental coverage. Read more in our guide on Medicare and physical therapy.
Do you need a referral?
In many places you can see a physical therapist directly, but rules differ by state, country, and insurance plan. Medicare and some insurers still require a physician’s order or certification. Confirm with your insurer and the clinic before booking.
What to wear to physical therapy
Wear loose, comfortable clothes that let you move and let the therapist see the area being treated, such as athletic shorts, leggings, a t-shirt or tank top, and supportive sneakers. Bring your insurance card, imaging reports, and a list of medications.
Types of physical therapy
Orthopedic
Bones, joints, muscles, and ligaments, including back pain, sprains, and recovery after surgery.
Pelvic floor
Bladder and bowel control, pelvic pain, and recovery after childbirth.
Pediatric
Support for children with developmental delays, movement problems, or injuries.
Sports
Treating injuries and helping athletes return to training safely.
Neurological and geriatric
Recovery after stroke, Parkinson’s disease, balance training, and fall prevention.
Physical therapy vs occupational therapy
Physical therapy focuses on movement, strength, balance, and pain. Occupational therapy focuses on everyday tasks such as dressing, cooking, or working. Some people need both. Learn more in occupational therapy vs physical therapy.
How to choose a physical therapy clinic
- A licensed physical therapist who treats your type of problem
- One-on-one time with the therapist, not only an assistant
- Clear goals and a written plan
- A convenient location and appointment times
- Insurance acceptance or fair self-pay pricing
- Good patient reviews
Working in physical therapy
Physical therapy is also a popular career. Read about salary, school length, DPT and PTA roles in our physical therapy careers guide.
Frequently asked questions
What is physical therapy?
A treatment led by a licensed therapist that uses exercise, hands-on care, and education to reduce pain and restore movement.
How long does physical therapy take?
From a few weeks to several months, depending on your condition.
How much is physical therapy without insurance?
It varies by clinic and region. Ask for the self-pay rate before your first visit.
Does Medicare pay for physical therapy?
Yes, Medicare Part B generally covers medically necessary outpatient physical therapy, with 20 percent coinsurance after the deductible.
Is physical therapy a good career?
It offers steady demand and meaningful work, though therapists need a doctoral degree.
Related guides
Medical disclaimer: This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider about your condition.